Endometritis in goats tends to be mainly postpartum. Discharge is usually dark red and malodorous. Peritonitis can occur. A variety of agent can be recovered from cases including Staphylococcus, Pasteruella and coliforms.
Brucella melitensis
Mazlina M, Khairani-Bejo S, Hazilawati H, Shaqinah NN, Zamri-Saad M. Antigenic distribution, pathological changes, antibody response and serological detection in non-pregnant goats following experimental infection by Brucella melitensis. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2020.
Clostridia
Dorso et al (2023) reported on 12 cases of fatal postpartum metritis caused by clostridia. The species included Clostridium perfringens (7 of 9 cases) and C septicum, novji and chauvoei were also identified. The infections were polymicrobial.
Gross Pathology: All does had dark red discoloured uteri and the endometrium of each was hemorrhagic and covered by fibrin and necrotic debris.Microscopic lesions were endometrial to tranmural coagulative necrosis. Around the periphery of these were neutrophils.There was hemorrhage, edema, inconsistent fibrin and thrombosis. Bacterial rods were on the surface of the endometrium.
Dorso L, Chartier C, Popoff MR, Tesson C, Despres J, Uzal FA. Postpartum clostridial gangrenous metritis in 12 dairy goats in France. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2023; 35: 266-271.
Paeniclostridium sordellii
Goats appear to be susceptable to postpartum endometritis and metritis with Paeniclostridium sordellii, usually in combination with E coli.
Gonzalez-Astudillo et al (2023) report on 9 cases. The histological lesions are often severe and necrosuppurative.
Gonzalez-Astudillo V, Asin-Ros J, Moore J, Uzal FA, Navarro MA. Paeniclostridium sordellii-associated peripartum metritis in goats. Vet Pathol. 2023; 60: 69-74.
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.
Dairy goats / does are particularly prone to hydrometra (aka pseudopregnancy). It is occasionally seen in feral or meat goats.
There is a persistence of the corpus luteum and fluid accumulation in the uterus. Volumes are from 100 mls to 8 litres! In the Dutch study (Van den Brom et al 2019) farm incidence was 1 to 54%.
Menzies P. Pseudopregnancy in goats - an important cause of subfertility. Vet Rec 2019 22; 184: 767-769.
Van den Brom R, Klerx R, Vellema P, Lievaart-Peterson K, Hesselink JW, Moll L, Vos P, Santman-Berends I. Incidence, possible risk factors and therapies for pseudopregnancy on Dutch dairy goat farms: a cross-sectional study. Vet Rec. 2019; 184: 770.
Adenocarcinoma of the tubular genitalia is reported in 13 of 42 goats with neoplasia of the tubular genitalia by Linton et al (2020). 2737 does were the population from which these were recorded. Adenocarcinoma is more likely to have metastasis than other neoplasms.
Consalter et al (2022) reported on a goat with endometrial adenocarcinoma and a spinal metastasis, plus metastasis to the lung and one ovary..
Consalter A, Balaro MFA, Nascimento NT, Waterloo MML, Batista BP, Ferreira AMR, Leite JS. Intramedullary Metastatic Endometrial Adenocarcinoma in a Goat. J Comp Pathol. 2022; 192: 18-22.
Linton JK, Heller MC, Bender SJ, Stefanovski D, Fecteau ME. Neoplasia of the tubular genital tract in 42 goats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2020; 256: 808-813.
Lohr (2013) reported on 102 tumors in 100 goats. Nonneoplastic entities included 2 cases of mammary fibroadenomatous hyperplasia and single cases of vascular hamartoma, cervical adenomatous hyperplasia, and cervical leiomyofibromatosis.
Linton et al (2020) reported finding 13 leiomyoma and 11 leiomyosarcoma in 42 does with neoplasia of the tubular genitalia.
Linton JK, Heller MC, Bender SJ, Stefanovski D, Fecteau ME. Neoplasia of the tubular genital tract in 42 goats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2020; 256: 808-813.
Lohr CV. One Hundred Two Tumors in 100 Goats (1987–2011). Vet Pathol 2013: 50: 668-675
Dockweiler et al (2017) reported on a goat with a large uterine mass. It had a collision of smooth muscle tumor and an adenocarcinoma. Metastases were of the adenocarcinoma were in the lung
Cossic et al (2018) reported a single case of uterine carcinosarcoma in a goat. The neoplasm was in the uterus only.
Dockweiler JC, Cossic B, McDonough SP, Fubini SL, Le KM, Donnelly CG, Gilbert RO, Cheong SH. Tumor collision of uterine adenocarcinoma and leiomyosarcoma in a goat. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2017; 29: 696-699.
Cossic B, Hill JA, Cercone M, Southard T. Uterine carcinosarcoma malignant mixed Müllerian tumor): case report in a goat and literature review. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018; 30: 955-961
Hartung S, Schlohsarczyk EK, Jost A, Sickinger M, Köhler K. Benign mixed Müllerian (duct) vaginal tumor in a 12-y-old goat. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2022 Mar;34(2):298-301. doi: 10.1177/10406387211069370. Epub 2022 Jan 10. PMID: 35000511; PMCID: PMC8915241.
Linton JK, Heller MC, Bender SJ, Stefanovski D, Fecteau ME. Neoplasia of the tubular genital tract in 42 goats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2020; 256: 808-813.
Hartung et al (2022) reports on a goat with a mass in the vagina. It was a large sessile mass with abundant smooth muscle and cysts lined by ciliated epithelial cells.
Hartung S, Schlohsarczyk EK, Jost A, Sickinger M, Köhler K. Benign mixed Müllerian (duct) vaginal tumor in a 12-y-old goat. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2022; 34: 298-301.
Caprine alphaherpesvirus 1